All Voices
Researcher· Evidence Review

Pinchas Cohen

The academic dean who co-discovered MOTS-c

Last reviewed: April 8, 2026Topics: MOTS-c, Mitochondrial Peptides, IGF-1, Longevity
No authentic CC-licensed photo located as of this review. Placeholder shown.

Bio

Pinchas Cohen is an endocrinologist and academic who has spent much of his career studying the IGF-1 signaling axis and, more recently, a novel class of small peptides encoded by short open reading frames in mitochondrial DNA. He serves as dean of the USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, one of the largest dedicated aging-research schools in the United States.

Background

Cohen trained at Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School and did pediatric endocrinology at Stanford. Early in his career he focused on IGF-1 binding proteins and their role in growth and cancer. Around 2015, his lab — with Changhan David Lee as co-lead — published the discovery of MOTS-c, a small peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene, opening a new field of mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs).

What They Do

Cohen's lab studies mitochondrial-derived peptides including MOTS-c and humanin, characterizing their biology, regulation, and potential roles as longevity-relevant 'mitokines' that signal between mitochondria and the nucleus. His group has published on age-related declines in MOTS-c, its role in insulin sensitivity and exercise adaptation, and on genetic variants that may affect longevity. He is also a central administrative figure in gerontology through his deanship at USC.

Research Record

Cohen co-authored the original MOTS-c discovery paper (Lee et al., Cell Metabolism 2015) and has continued to publish on mitochondrial-derived peptides in high-quality journals. His IGF-1 work is also well cited. Unlike some peptide-adjacent public figures, his scientific record is substantial and legitimately peer-reviewed.

Our Evidence Summary

Cohen is the rare figure whose scientific credibility is high but whose field has been partly co-opted by a commercial gray market. MOTS-c is real, its discovery is important, and age-related changes in MDPs are a legitimate area of study. What he has not claimed — but what grey-market vendors imply — is that injecting synthetic MOTS-c extends human lifespan. That remains speculative and is not yet supported by human clinical trials.

Claim-by-Claim Evidence Review

Strong Evidence

Mitochondrial DNA encodes functional peptides via short open reading frames

The discovery of MOTS-c, humanin, and other MDPs has been replicated by multiple labs. The existence and function of this class of peptides is now well-established molecular biology.

Moderate Evidence

MOTS-c circulating levels decline with age in humans

Multiple studies, including from Cohen's lab, have reported age-related declines in circulating MOTS-c. Measurement is assay-dependent and results vary somewhat across populations, but the general trend is reasonably supported.

Strong Evidence

MOTS-c improves insulin sensitivity and exercise adaptation in mice

Rodent studies show MOTS-c administration improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and exercise performance. The mouse biology is solid.

Speculative

Exogenous MOTS-c administration produces clinical longevity benefits in humans

No published human clinical trials show longevity or major healthspan benefits from MOTS-c administration. Grey-market 'research peptide' MOTS-c products are not FDA-approved and have no adequate safety or efficacy data.

Strong Evidence

IGF-1 signaling is a central longevity axis in mammals

Cohen's own work and a large body of literature support IGF-1 pathway modulation as a core node in aging biology, including in centenarian genetics.

Moderate Evidence

Mitochondrial-derived peptides represent a promising future class of longevity therapeutics

A reasonable scientific hypothesis supported by preclinical data. Whether MDPs become useful drugs will depend on delivery, pharmacokinetics, and human trial results that do not yet exist.

Limited Evidence

Variant K (a mitochondrial SNP affecting humanin levels) influences longevity

Interesting candidate but requires further replication in independent cohorts before being considered established.

Related Reading

Editorial note: This page evaluates the public claims and protocols of a third party. We do not receive compensation from any of the people profiled and have no affiliation with them. Evidence levels are assigned by reviewing primary literature and reflect the state of the science as of April 2026. Science evolves — we update these reviews when new evidence emerges. This is not medical advice; consult a qualified physician before changing your health practices.